Propagation
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*Beam Propagation Analysis
M²
M², or Beam Propagation Ratio, is a value that indicates how close a laser is to being a single mode TEM00 beam, which in turn determines how small a beam waist can be focused. For the perfect Gaussian TEM00 condition the M² equals 1. M² cannot be determined from a single beam profile measurement. The ISO/DIS 11146 requires that M² be calculated from a series of measurements. M² is measured on real beams by focusing the beam with a fixed position lens of known focal length, and then measuring the characteristics of the artificially created beam waist and divergence. We have a number of solutions for the measurement of M² ranging from simple manual processes to fully automated dedicated instruments, depending on the frequency of the need to measure M² of lasers and laser systems.
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Propagation Software
Wireless InSite
Wireless InSite is a suite of ray-tracing models and high-fidelity EM solvers for the analysis of site-specific radio propagation and wireless communication systems. The software provides efficient and accurate predictions of EM propagation and communication channel characteristics in complex urban, indoor, rural and mixed path environments.
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High Speed Comparators (<100ns Propagation Delay)
Analog Devices high speed comparators feature <100 ns propagation delay and are a versatile and easy to use solution for a range of applications. Owing to our proprietary CB and XFCB fabrication processes, our comparators such as the AD790 possess a fast response time with outstanding input voltage resolution.
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Satellite and Aerospace Channel Emulation Toolset
S8825A
Satellite, aerospace, and airborne radio link testing with realistic wireless propagation conditions. 5G NTN test support with satellite connection from mobile phones. Interconnecting networks for full end-to-end system testing.
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Polarization Maintaining Circulator(PMCIR)
Zhongke Rayzer Optical Technology Co.,Ltd
non-reciprocating, one-directional, three port deviceswhich are great for bi-directional propagation of light in a Polarization Maintaining fiber. These optical circulators are ideal for advanced communication systems, fiber sensor and fiber laser applications.
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Ray tracing and Laser Simulation / Cavity Design Software
LasEasy V1.0
LasEasy software is the professional software for simulating and designing solid-state laser cavity, optical amplifier system, and parametric OPO systems. It can also simulate the laser light propagation in both horizontal and vertical (sangital and tangitial) planes.
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Manage Power, Thermal & Control Planes In Real Time
Platform Manager 2 & L-ASC10
*Full fault coverage – monitor all rails and temperature nodes*Manage from 10 to 80 supplies using just the required number of L-ASC10 hardware management expanders*Minimize fault propagation by enabling individual hardware management sub-blocks (power, thermal & control path) to respond to faults in other blocks within nano-seconds*Save CPLD I/O pins by eliminating the need to monitor power-good signals of DC-DC converters*Reliable power & thermal fault detection in hardware, as opposed to software routines
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Channel Emulator/Fading Simulator
The channel emulator/fading simulator is a measuring instrument for reproducing the actual radio wave propagation environment of mobile communication.It reproduces the fading environment defined by 3GPP and virtual environment of multiple channels such as MIMO, HetNet.It will contribute to improving development and verification efficiency of the latest mobile communication system such as 5G NR, LTE-Advanced and IoT.
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Radar Level Gauge
HRRD730 Series
HighReach Measuring & Controlling System Co.,Ltd
At The Radar Level gauge Antenna emits and Narrows at The Microwave Pulse. This Pulse propagates in Space AT at The Speed of Light. The When IT Encounters at The Surface of at The the Measured Medium, Part of the ITS Energy IS the REFLECTED the Back and Received by at The Same, Antenna. At The Time interval The Between the transmitted pulse and the received pulse is proportional to the distance from the antenna to the surface of the measured medium.Because the electromagnetic wave propagation speed is extremely high, the time interval between the transmitted pulse and the received pulse is very small (on the order of nanoseconds). It is difficult to confirm. The 90X series 26G radar level gauge uses a special demodulation technology To accurately identify the transmitted pulse and the time interval of the pulse is received to further calculate the distance of the antenna from the surface of the measured medium.
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Microwave TV Transmitters for Radio Amateurs
Is the transmission of broadcast quality video and audio over the wide range of frequencies of radio waves allocated for radio amateur (Ham) use.[1] ATV is used for non-commercial experimentation, pleasure and public service events. Ham TV stations were on the air in many cities before commercial television stations came on the air.[2] Various transmission standards are used, these include the broadcast transmission standards of NTSC in North America and Japan, and PAL or SECAM elsewhere, utilizing the full refresh rates of those standards. ATV includes the study of building of such transmitters and receivers, and the study of radio propagation of signals travelling between transmitting and receiving stations.[
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Real-time RF Channels Simulator
RF-LiveSim
Covering a frequency range from 50 to 900 MHz, RF Live Simulator can emulate RF channels propagation modes in real-time for a signal bandwidth from 20 kHz to 20 MHz (gaussian noise, multipath, Doppler and frequency drift tools). RF-LiveSim is a cost effective solution for intense automatic non regression tests at the physical layer level. RF-LiveSim includes 1x RF input and 1x RF output ports, and provides a complete set of channel models, either for fixed or mobile propagation environments. Whatever the standard, any type of receiver can be tested. Thanks to its real-time process, from your basic original signal, RF-LiveSim can perform, for instance, efficient regression testing of LTE solutions to check the good behavior and the limits of your receiver when multipathes, Doppler and Gaussian noise are applied.
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Field Strength Meters
The FSM series of field strength meters will measure the strength of a RF signal appearing at its input from +20 dBm to -110 dBm for wide bandwidth models and +10 dBm to -120 dBm for narrow bandwidth models. The RF strength will be displayed on an LCD display to an accuracy of ±3 dB over the entire 130 dB dynamic range. A matching field signal generator is also available to act as a signal source for propagation studies.
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Beacon Transmitters for Radio Amateurs
Is a radio beacon, whose purpose is the investigation of the propagation of radio signals. Most radio propagation beacons use amateur radio frequencies. They can be found on LF, MF, HF, VHF, UHF, and microwave frequencies. Microwave beacons are also used as signal sources to test and calibrate antennas and receivers
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Isolated Gate Drivers
Analog Devices’ isolated gate driver portfolio offers designers performance and reliability advantages over designs utilizing optocouplers or pulse transformers. Utilizing ADI’s proven iCoupler® technology, the isolated gate driver family offers the advantage of a maximum propagation delay of 50 ns, less than 5 ns channel-to-channel matching, a 50-year lifetime for 400 V rms working voltage and galvanic isolation in a single package.
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Deskew Calibration Source for CP030, CP030A, CP031, CP031A, AP015, CP150, CP500
DCS025
The DCS025 Deskew Calibration Source generates time-aligned voltage and current pulses for precise deskew of voltage and current probes.This is critical for measurements in which small propagation delay differences between probes can have a large impact on a calculated measurement, e.g., instantaneous power semiconductor device loss measurements.
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Mobile Cable Fault Location System
BAUR Syscompact 4000
BAUR Prüf- und Messtechnik GmbH
Fault location with Syscompact 4000. The Syscompact 4000 is a compact, fully enclosed fault location system for pre-location and pinpointing of high-resistive, low-resistive and intermittent faults on low- and medium-voltage cables. Easy operation and the use of latest fault location methods enable fast and safe fault location.* Location of low-resistive, high-resistive and intermittent cable faults* Efficient cable fault pre-location methods* Pinpointing according to the noise location method or acoustic propagation time measurement* (with Universal Locator and ground microphone)* Sheath fault location according to the step voltage method (with Universal Locator and two measurement probes)* Easy to handle
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LTE Networks
PBE offers secure and reliable wireless solutions for critical mining and tunnel construction operations. Complete end-to-end private LTE networks provide unified infrastructure for underground applications with different QoS, bandwidth and latency requirements.PBE private LTE allows customization of the capabilities of public cellular LTE networks and scale it according to the size and requirements of the particular mine. P-LTE networks provide both human and machine communications on a single, seamless and extendable network that offers long ranges of propagation. In addition to the standard telemetry (air quality monitoring, ventilation management, pump control, belt control, fire suppression, evacuation alerting stations, etc.) LTE networks provide a gateway for:- Voice Communications (VoLTE, VoIP, Push-to-Talk)- Video Communications- CCTV- Internet Access- LAN Access- Real Time Machine Control- Fleet/Asset Management- Access Control/Localization- Automation- Collision Avoidance- Remote Diagnostics
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5G Radio Test Set
Operating from 20 to 40 GHz, two radios may be connected to the system allowing full duplex operation. Each radio may operates over identical Air Interface with uni or bi-directional multipath. The delays between radios may be varied from 0 to 1 mile in 5 foot steps with propagation loss control. The 2040+ creates a variable test range right in your lab. It can be used as a design aid and as a test tool for new modulation and encryption schemes prior to expensive and time consuming field testing.
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TEM Cells
Transverse Electro Magnetic (TEM) cell or Crawford cell (named after its inventor) is used to generate accurate electromagnetic waves over a wide frequency range: DC (0 Hz) to GHz., EM waves generated in the cell propagate in transverse mode and have the same characteristics as a plane wave. It can be used to calibrate E-field broadband probes for testing radiated E-field immunity as well as for measuring radiated emission from a product with a spectrum analyzer/EMI receiver.TEM cell generates a consistent electromagnetic field for testing small RF devices such as wireless pagers, receivers, portable phones, etc.
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M2 & BPP Systems
The M2 factor wil define the beam propagation characteristics compared to ideal Gaussian beam propagation. According to ISO Standard 11146 rightfully offers the laser beam characterization as "M2 times diffraction limited beam", as such, a perfect beam will have an M2 of 1. 1 will be the best achievable value and no beam could have an M2 less than 1. Our conceptual design is based on sub-assemblies allowing to change the sensing head in the M2 device, offering multiple wavelengths heads up to 2.7 microns from deep UV (knife-edge technology) and camera based technology with built-in automatic filter wheel for adjustment. For focused beams, the same measuring head could be attached to a device for meauring highly divergent or highly convergent beams - FocusGage-BA, wherein the Laser Analyzing Electronic Autocollimator offers the capability of divergence measurement with Coming Soon M2 definition. M2Beam is the cornerstone of those measuring devices.
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Camera Based Beam Propagation Analyzer: M2
BeamSquared
The BeamSquared® system is a compact and fully automated tool for measuring the propagation characteristics of CW and pulsed laser systems from the UV to NIR to Telecom wavelengths. Users can also measure wavelengths above 1.8 microns, including CO2 and terahertz in manual mode (a bench set-up; without the automated optical train) with a Pyrocam IV or IIIHR. Our longer optical train and patented Ultracal™ Calibration makes BeamSquared the most accurate product on the market and is ISO 11146 compliant. Its operational robustness and reliability ensures continuous use applications in industry, science, research and development.
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Siradel 360
Siradel 360 offers a comprehensive suite of solutions, encompassing Siradel Web Services, Siradel InoWave, and Siradel Planner, along with expert consulting and geodata services. This unique value proposition ensures accurate simulations, efficient network design, and robust performance, making Siradel a one-stop shop for all radio propagation and network optimization needs.With over 30 years of expertise, Siradel empowers telecom operators, research labs, and manufacturers to tackle the challenges of B5G/6G technologies and drive technological innovation.
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Radar Target Generator
Series 1100
The Eastern OptX Series 1100 Radar Target Simulator is a true propagation path replicator. The Series 1100 receives the signal transmitted from a radar system and adds the round-trip propagation delay associated with the target distance. That signal is then output to the radar receiver. The radar I/O may be connected directly to the Series 1100 or detected and transmitted using user specified antenna. For a moving target the system will add the appropriate Doppler shift associated with the target speed and radar frequency. The Series 1100 is broad band with ranges up to 40 GHz and with a dynamic range of over 100 dB.
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3D Sound Intensity Analysis Software
DS-0225A
Finding out the position where the noise is occurring, and grasping the state of acoustic propagation are important ways to find effective noise countermeasure or improvement of acoustic environment.
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Dynamic and Fatigue Testing Systems
Instron offers an extensive range of fully-integrated dynamic and fatigue testing systems from 1000 N up to 5000 kN. Incorporating servohydraulic, servo-electric and linear motor technologies, these test instruments cover a broad range of fatigue, dynamic, and static testing applications. These applications include high-cycle fatigue, low-cycle fatigue, thermo-mechanical fatigue, fracture mechanics, crack propagation and growth studies, fracture toughness, bi-axial, axial-torsional, multi-axial, high strain rate, quasi-static, creep, stress-relaxation, and other types of dynamic and static tests.
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Optical VSF Sensors
The optical Volume Scattering Function(VSF) is an ‘inherent optical property’ of water that is used by optical oceanographers to predict light propagation, image degradation, remote sensed ocean color, biological environment etc. in water.
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RF Test
RF is short for radio frequency. RF is any frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum associated with radio wave propagation. When an RF current is supplied to an antenna, an electromagnetic field is created that then is able to propagate through space. Many wireless technologies are based on RF field propagation. These frequencies make up part of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.
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Integrated Modular Electromagnetic Modeling Suite
EM.Cube
EM.Cube® is an industry-recognized simulation suite for electromagnetic modeling of RF system engineering problems. It features several distinct simulation engines that can solve a wide range of modeling problems such as electromagnetic radiation, scattering, wave propagation in various media, coupling, interference, signal integrity, field interactions with biological systems, etc. Using EM.Cube, you can solve problems of different sizes and length scales, varying from a few microns in MEMS devices to several miles in large urban propagation scenes.
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Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
MS 2002
Distance measuring equipment (DME) is a transponder-based radio navigation technology that measures distance by timing the propagation delay of UHF radio signals. The DME system is composed of a UHF transmitter/receiver (interrogator) in the aircraft and a UHF receiver/transmitter (transponder) on the ground. The aircraft interrogates the ground transponder with a series of pulse-pairs (interrogations) and the ground station replies with an identical sequence of reply pulse-pairs with a precise time delay (typically 50 microseconds). The time difference between interrogation and reply minus the 50 microsecond ground transponder delay is measured by the interrogator's timing circuitry and translated into a distance measurement in nautical miles which is then displayed in the cockpit.
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Circulators
The most common application of a circulator is as a duplexer, allowing the transmitter and receiver in a radio or radar unit to share a common antenna. Energy is transferred from the RF Source to the antenna during transmit, and from the antenna to the receiver during the receive cycle. In each case the circulator functions to isolate the inactive port from the propagated signal. Most importantly, the transmitter output is not passed to the receiver input, preventing the high transmitter power from damaging the sensitive receiver input circuits.
