Solar Cell
Convert light to electricity.
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Solar Cell I-V Characterization System
VS6821
Industrial Vision Technology Pte Ltd.
This system provides cell manufactures and laboratories a new way in testing and measuring photovoltaic cells. Integrated with Steady-State Solar Simulator, it provides complete coverage of testing parameters and measurement requirements by most international standards. Its test methods, procedure & equipment are IEC 60904 compliant. Calibration of reference cell is performed at Fraunhofer ISE in Germany, and is traceable to PTB.
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Solar Cell I-V Characterization System
VS6825
Industrial Vision Technology Pte Ltd.
The VS-6825A I-V test system is tailored for high-efficiency Solar cell production lines. It is able to eliminate the impact of HJT/IBC/TOPCON’s high capacitance characteristics on measurement results.
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Solar Cell PL/EL/IV 3-in-1 Testing System
VS6841
Industrial Vision Technology Pte Ltd.
This luminescence Analyzer integrates a Photoluminescence (PL), Electroluminescence (EL) , and I-V Measurement Technology, has a Device’s PL image, EL image, as well Device’s I-V characteristics in One system. It is being using to quantitatively map Minority-Carrier Lifetime, and to characterize the defect of silicon wafer & solar wafer, and measure the key parameters from solar cell I-V Curve. It is also a useful tool for scientist to develop other methodology & parameters that can be used as a promising technique for online material monitoring and process control.
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SOLAR CELL TESTER
The tester is designed for terrestrial solar cell incoming/outcoming inspection with the purpose of checking and optimizing parameters and preventing manufacture defects of solar modules. Solar cells are not heated in process of inspection due to the use of xenon pulse lamp installed in the tester.
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Testing for Si Solar Cells Using High Performance CCD
EL Imaging Tester
EL Testing for Si Solar Cells using High Performance CCD. The determination of luminescence (photo emissions) in solar cells is an important characterization tool. Typical solar cells often have defects which limit the efficiency or lifetime of a cell. Many of these defects are visualized with Luminescence Imaging. By using this technique, the manufacturing process can be optimized to produce better cells. Luminescence Imaging takes advantage of the radiative inter-band recombination of excited charge carriers in solar cells. The emitted photons can be captured with a sensitive CCD camera to obtain an image of the distribution of the radiative recombination in the cell. This distribution is determined by the local excitation level, allowing the detection of electrical losses, thus mapping the diffusion length of minority carriers as the emitted light is low intensity and in the near infra-red range, the CCD camera has a high sensitivity wavelength from 900 to 1100 nm with little thermal noise. This CCD camera provides excellent resolution of 1024 x 1024 pixels with a large 1μm pixel size, multi-megahertz readout speed, and robust USB 2.0 connectivity. The EL CCD Camera is the ultimate high-performance CCD camera for electroluminescence and photoluminescence imaging for Photovoltaic (PV) Cells and Modules. This camera combines low noise electronics and optimal sensitivity in NIR.
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Solar Simulator for Multijunction Solar Cells
For series connected multijunction cells, at a given spectrum (e.g. AM 1.5 or AM 0 for space solar cells), one of the cells will limit the current in the series connection of cells. All solar simulators deviate from the true AM 1.5 spectrum, and they are only classified in wide spectral bands (100nm width). So even for class A or A+ solar simulators, it can easily happen that the bandgaps of the multijunction cells are such distributed that the 'wrong' cell will limit the current, if a solar simulator with fixed spectrum is used. In the 70s and 80s, when these measurements were first developed, intercomparisons showed deviations of cell efficiency in fixed spectrum solar simulators of more than 40%.
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Surface Photovoltage
The surface photovoltage spectroscopy modules are the perfect all-in-one solution for in-depth studies of light sensitive materials such as organic semiconductors, solar cells or light sensitive dyes.
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Saluki SEL8 Series Programmable DC Electronic Load (up to 200KW)
The new SEL8 series programmable DC electronic load is a new generation product designed by Saluki Technology. Incorporating high-performance chips, the SEL8 series delivers high speed and high accuracy with a resolution of 1mV and 1mA (basic accuracy is 0.03% and basic current rise speed is 2.5 A/μs).SEL8 series have wide application from production lines for cell phone chargers, cell phone batteries, electronic vehicle batteries, switching power supplies, linear power supplies, and LED drivers, to research institute, automotive electronic, aeronautic and astronautic, maritime, solar cell and fuel cell etc. test and measurement applications.* Customization available upon request
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Surface Photovoltage
The surface photovoltage spectroscopy modules are the perfect all-in-one solution for in-depth studies of light sensitive materials such as organic semiconductors, solar cells or light sensitive dyes.
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Solar Reference Cell
The Solar Reference Cells consist of a 20 mm x 20 mm monocrystalline silicon Photovoltaic Cell encased in a 92 mm x 70 mm x 16 mm metal enclosure with a protective quartz window and a temperature sensor. Designed for calibrating the irradiance of solar simulators used for testing solar cells and modules.
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Compound Semiconductors
GaAs and InP substrates
Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.
GaAs substrates (compound semiconductors) are used for smartphone power amplifiers and switches, LEDs (illumination, decoration, indicators), and solar cells. InP substrates are used for optical communication modules, etc.
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Non-Contact Mapping Life Time System
MWR-2S-3
The device is designed for express non-destructive contactless local measurement of non-equilibrium charge carrier effective lifetime in silicon substrates, epi-wafers and solar cells at different stages of manufacturing cycle. It can be used for incoming and outcoming inspection of silicon ingots and wafers, tuning and periodic inspection of semiconductor and solar cell technology quality. Lifetime determination is based on measuring photoconductivity decay after pulselight photo-exciting with usage of reflected microwave as a probe.
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Spectral Response SystemsQuantum Efficiency SystemsIPCE Measurement Systems
QE system provides electronics and software designed for fully automated measurement of external quantum efficiency of solar cells. All systems include probes and a fixed plate sample stage for samples up to 150 mm x 150 mm. The main system components include: custom designed software, measurement electronics, and computer system (Windows 8 operating system). The measurement involves focusing monochromatic light to a spot on the device under test, then accurately measuring the photon flux and current from the test cell. The system utilizes a dual beam configuration with lock-in detection, providing an absolute accuracy of ±3%. The QE system uses a grating monochrometer with silicon/InGaAs/Ge detectors. The system includes automatic order sorting filters and two light sources for monochromatic illumination (a Xenon- arc lamp and a halogen lamp). A single lock-in amplifier is used to measure both the reference detector and test device. The main system comes with all the hardware needed to measure quantum efficiency, a fixed plate sample stage and probes.
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Solar Stimulator
XHS Series
They are mainly used for the evaluation of solar cells as well as for other types of tests where sunlight needs to be recreated.The continuous light of xenon lamp, the most faithful reproduction of sunlight, is applied in our highly accurate solar simulator, which has been widely sold across Japan and neighboring countries.
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Saluki SEL7 Series Programmable DC Electronic Load (up to 6kW)
The new SEL7 series programmable DC electronic load is a new generation product designed by Saluki Technology. Incorporating high-performance chips, the SEL7 series delivers high speed and high accuracy with a resolution of 0.1mV and 0.01mA (basic accuracy is 0.03% and basic current rise speed is 2.5 A/μs).SEL7 series have wide application from production lines for cell phone chargers, cell phone batteries, electronic vehicle batteries, switching power supplies, linear power supplies, and LED drivers, to research institute, automotive electronic, aeronautic and astronautic, maritime, solar cell and fuel cell etc. test and measurement applications.
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Light I-V Testing for Solar Cells
FCT-650
Advanced analysis of solar cells including light I-V and Suns-Voc data.
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Power Meters and Calibration Cells
The Solar Reference Cell consist of a 20 x 20 mm monocrystalline silicon Photovoltaic Cell encased in a 92 x 70 x 16 mm metal enclosure with a protective quartz window and a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is a 100 ohm platinum Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD).The Solar Reference Cells come with a Certificate of Calibration and compatible set of connecting cables. The following parameters of the reference cell are certified: Isc, Imax, Voc, Vmax, Pmax, Area, Fill Factor and Efficiency. The certification is accredited by NIST to the ISO-17025 standard and is traceable both to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), and to the International System of Units (SI). A compatible cable set is also supplied with each Solar Reference Cell.
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High Definition MWIR Science-Grade Camera
FLIR X8580™
The FLIR X8580 midwave IR camera is designed for scientists and engineers who need to capture detailed imagery of high-speed events, perform custom radiometric measurements, or detect points of failure in composites, solar cells, and electronics. This thermal imaging camera combines 1280 × 1024 HD resolution with fast frame rates and integration times, allowing researchers to record stop motion on fast-moving subjects or rapid temperature changes—whether in the lab or on the test range. With a four-position motorized filter wheel and support for FLIR motorized focus lenses, the X8580 will provide higher quality recordings, save time, and mitigate frustration in dynamic acquisition environments.
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Standard & Custom Test Fixtures
Both standard and custom Test Fixtures from OAI enable the user to integrate the solar cell with the I -V tester. Fixture configurations range from from simple hold down devices to temperature-controlled fixtures with front and back side contact. We invite you to contact an OAI Application Engineer for help with your fixture design. With our expert guidance, you can expect maximum performance from your I -V Tester and Solar Simulator.
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Thin Film Metrology Systems
Gemini Series
The n&k Gemini-TF, Gemini-TF-M and Gemini-FPD are specifically designed for measurements of patterned and unpatterned films on transparent or opaque substrates. These tools are used extensively for solar cell, flat panel and photomask applications. The tools belonging to the Gemini-TF Series are based on unpolarized Reflectance (R) and unpolarized Transmittance (T) measurements, with a 50μm spot size for both R and T. R and T are simultaneously measured to determine film thickness and n and k spectra from 190nm – 1000nm
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I-V Tracers
EKO I-V tracers (MP-160 / MP-11 / MP-180) can be used in three different Power ranges. The research type MP-160 is an all round instrument to be used with single cells and modules or multiple unitswhen connected to the multi channels selectors. The portable MP-11 with remote sensor unit can be used on site to accurately check the performance of Modules and Strings. The high end MP-180 is capable to make high precision I-V measurements of small and large size solar cells and is most suitable for Research and Development applications or production inspection purposes indoors.
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Programmable LED DC Electronic Load
M98 Series
M98 series DC electronic load, as a new generation product of Maynuo Electronic Co., Ltd, is designed for the LED driver application. A special circuit is desiged for the LED driver on the base of the M97XX sereies. Incorporating high-performance chips, the M98XX series delivers high speed and high accuracy with a resolution of 0.1 mV and 0.01 mA (basic accuracy is 0.03% and basic current rise speed is 2.5 A/μs). M98XX series have wide application from production lines for cell phone chargers, cell phone batteries, electronic vehicle batteries, switching power supplies, linear power supplies, and LED drivers, to research institute, automotive electronic, aeronautic and astronautic, maritime, solar celland fuel cell etc.test and measurement applications.
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Solar Simulator
It is an LED light source for evaluating the performance of organic solar cells in indoor light applications.A neutral white LED light source equivalent to a color temperature of 5000 K, achieving an effective irradiation area of 50 × 50 mm.The illuminance can be changed without changing the height of the light emitting surface with low illuminance (200 lx) and high illuminance (1000 lx).
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Software
Current-Voltage Measurement Option
Materials Development Corporation
CSM/Win Systems with an I-V option can measure both MOS and diode structures. For junctions, both forwardand reverse bias curves can be analyzed. Junction ideality factor, series resistance, and reverse saturation current are found. Solar cells can be checked for efficiency. Gate Oxide Integrity of MOS devices can be measured as well.
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Reference Cells For PIV-IV Systems
NREL calibrated cell used for calibration transfer.The Abet Technologies solar reference cell is a precision instrument for the determination of solar simulator irradiance levels. The sensor is a mono-crystalline silicon solar cell having an area of2x2cm(4cm).The back of the solar cell is attached to the device in such a way that a good heat transfer to the device housing is guaranteed. Below the solar cell a Pt100 RTD temperature sensor is mounted to allow monitoring of device temperature. The device is not shunted allowing the whole IV-curve to be measured. The solar cell is protected by a high quality fused silica window, assuring spectral sensitivity over a 320 -1100 nm range.
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Solar Cell Characterisation
The PVE300 permits the determination of device spectral responsivity (from which may be determined EQE), and, having performed measurements of sample reflectance (and transmittance where required) the determination of IQE.
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Automated Testing System
PV-LIT
Thermographic solutions ensure high quality of solar cells and modules.Usable for all types of solar cells and modules (silicon-based or thin-layered)Testing in laboratory and in-line in the course of the manufacturing processTesting of various solar cells and modules through contact and non-contact measurementCell-specific system configuration and determination of test criteria and kind of defects
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Low Cost Solar Simulators
Abet Technologies model 10500 is a low cost solar simulator providing an attractive alternative to more fully featured and expensive solar simulators for applications that do not require a large area illuminated field. The optical system of the 10500 produces a collimated 25 mm beam. Focus or defocus it for higher irradiance or larger solar cells. One sun output is achievable up to a 35 mm diameter illuminated field.
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Standard Class AAA Solar Simulator
TriSOL TSS
Essential for testing virtually any material or product that is exposed to sunlight for long or short periods of time, OAI’s low-cost, Standard Solar Simulators deliver highly collimated, uniform light. Depending on configuration, output on these Solar Simulators is rated at 350W -5,000W.These Class AAA Solar Simulators feature OAI’s Advanced Uniform Beam Optics and are available with a choice of air mass filters to reproduce a wide range of solar spectra. For added flexibility, OAI’s proven lens and collimating mirror technology allows for a variety of exposure area sizes. A Class AAA Solar Simulator is an essential tool for manufacturing as well as R&D; it is indispensable in test labs, industry, and in universities. OAI Standard Solar Simulators are used in photobiology, biomedical, solar cell testing, cosmetic testing, and paints & coatings analysis. Based on 35+ years of proven UV light technology, OAI Solar Simulator Systems deliver repeatable, reliable, constant output, and measurement uniformity.
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Solar Test Systems
AMETEK Scientific Instruments manufactures a range of application specific XM (Xtreme Measurement) products focused on solar cell / photovoltaic research (developed in collaboration with Professor Laurie Peter of the University of Bath, UK). These products are so versatile that they can also be used for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting applications; and make use of Solartron’s unique high performance XM specified potentiostats and frequency response analyzers to provide a full complement of techniques for research into energy, corrosion and analytical electrochemistry.
